Jews were legally banned from baking bread. Permanent ghettos had direct railway connections, because the food aid (paid by the Jews themselves) was completely dependent on the SS similar to all newly built labour camps. By the end of 1941, about 3.5 million Polish Jews had been segregated and ghettoised by the SS in a massive deportation action involving the use of freight trains. In 1939 for logistical reasons the Jewish communities in settlements without railway lines in occupied Poland were dissolved. At first, they were used to concentrate the Jewish populations in the ghettos, and often to transport them to forced labour and German concentration camps for the purpose of economic exploitation. Within various phases of the Holocaust, the trains were employed differently. THE ROLE OF RAILWAYS IN THE FINAL SOLUTION All European Jews trapped under the Nazi regime became the target of Hitler's "Final Solution to the Jewish Question" The train never left the station, and none of the 250 children on board were seen again. The ninth train was to leave Prague on 3 September 1939, the day Britain entered World War II. Winton managed to arrange for 669 children to get out on eight trains to London (a small group of 15 were flown out via Sweden). The British Government agreed to take in the shipment of children arranged by Nicholas Winton in Prague, Czechoslovakia, on the conditions that he pay the cost (via Czech travel agency Cedok) and arrange for the foster care. In July 1938 both the United States and Britain at the Évian Conference in France refused to accept any more Jewish immigrants. Approximately 30,000 Jews were rounded up and sent via rail to refugee camps. It was the forcible eviction of German Jews with Polish citizenship fuelled by the Kristallnacht. The first mass deportation of Jews from Nazi Germany occurred in less than a year before the outbreak of war. The most modern accurate numbers on the scale of the "Final Solution" still rely partly on shipping records of the German railways. The extermination of people targeted in the "Final Solution" was dependent on two factors: the capacity of the death camps to gas the victims and "process" their bodies quickly enough and the capacity of the railways to transport the condemned prisoners from the Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe and Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland to selected extermination sites. Modern historians suggest that without the mass transportation of the railways, the scale of the "Final Solution" would not have been possible. Holocaust trains were railway transports run by the Deutsche Reichsbahn national railway system under the strict supervision of the German Nazis and their allies, for the purpose of forcible deportation of the Jews, as well as other victims of the Holocaust, to the German Nazi concentration, forced labour, and extermination camps. Location Nazi Germany, Occupied Poland Belgium, Bulgaria, the Baltic states, Bessarabia, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, RomaniaÄestination Transit ghettos, Nazi concentration camps, forced labour and extermination camps Why Teach the Holocaust which Happened 80
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